Cystitis is a medical term indicating the inflammation of the bladder.In most cases, inflammation is caused by a bacterial infection called urinary tract infection (IP).Urinary tract infection can cause pain and irritability and become a serious problem for women's health if it is spread to the kidneys.
Less frequently, cystitis can occur in reaction to certain potential drugs, radiotherapy or stimuli, such as female hygiene products.Cystitis can also occur as a complication of another disease.
The treatment of cystitis depends on its deep cause.Most cases of cystitis are clear and suddenly arise.The cases of interstitial cystitis are chronic (long).
Symptoms of cystitis in women
Symptoms of cystitis may include:
- frequent desire to urinate;
- The desire to urinate after the bladder was emptied;
- Muddy urine or with the smell strongly;
- decrease in body temperature (if in combination with IMP);
- blood in the urine;
- pain during sex;
- feeling of pressure or filling the bladder;
- Spasms on the stomach or back.
If the bladder infection applies to the kidneys, this may be a serious health problem.
In addition to the symptoms listed above, the symptoms of kidney infection include:
- nausea;
- vomiting;
- back pain or side;
- chills.
In addition, two additional symptoms, fever or blood in the urine, in itself are not symptoms of cystitis.However, they can occur in relation to other symptoms of kidney infection.
Take a doctor immediately if you think you have a kidney infection.
Causes of cystitis in women
The type of cystitis depends on its cause.The possible causes of cystitis include:
- Urinary tract infection (IMP);
- Certain drugs;
- irradiation (radiotherapy);
- Constant use of a catheter;
- Female hygiene products (spraying, creams).
Types of cystitis
Cystitis can be sharp or interstitial.Acute cystitis is a case of cystitis that suddenly occurs.Interstitial cystitis is a chronic or long case of the disease which affects several layers of the fabric of the bladder.
Acute and interstitial cystitis has a number of possible causes.The cause of cystitis is determined by the type.Here are the types of cystitis.
Bacterial cystitis
Bacterial cystitis occurs when bacteria enter the urethra (urethra) or bladder and cause an infection.This can also lead to an imbalance in the normal microflora of the body.The infection causes cysts or inflammation of the bladder.
It is important to treat an infection of the bladder.If the infection applies to the kidneys, this can be a serious health problem.
Drug cystitis
Certain drugs can cause inflammation of the bladder.The drugs cross the body and end up going through the urinary system.Some drugs can irritate the bladder when you leave your body.
For example, chemotherapeutic drugs can cause cystitis.
Radiation cystitis
Radiation therapy is used to treat cancer cells and reduce tumors, but it can also damage the cells and healthy tissues of the body.Radiation therapy in the pelvic area can cause inflammation of the bladder.
A foreign body cystitis
The current use of the catheter, the tubes used to facilitate the release of bladder urine can increase the risk of bacterial infection and tissue damage in urinary tract.Bacteria and damaged tissues can cause inflammation.
Chemical cystitis
Some hygiene products can irritate the bladder.
Products that can cause inflammation of the bladder include:
- spermicides;
- the use of vaginal diaphragm with spermicidal;
- Female hygiene products.
Cystitis associated with other conditions
Sometimes cystitis occurs as a symptom of other diseases, such as:
- diabetes;
- kidneys;
- HIV in women;
- Injuries of the spine.
Risk factors
Cystitis is more common in women due to their shorter urethra.However, men are also subject to this disease.
Women can be more at risk of cystitis if:
- Sexually active;
- pregnant;
- use spermicidal diaphragms;
- Live menopause;
- Use irritating personal hygiene products
- There is where there is a urinary tract infection (IMP)
- chemotherapy, radiotherapy took place
- Used a catheter.
Diagnosis
There are several ways to diagnose cystitis in women.The doctor may request to put a urine sample to determine the cause and check the IMP.The doctor can also carry out cystoscopy or visualization tests to determine the cause of symptoms.
Cystoscopy
With cystoscopy, the doctor examines the bladder using a thin tube, to which a camera and a bulb are fixed.Doctors can use a cystoscope to collect a bladder biopsy biopsy if necessary.A biopsy is a small fabric sample to examine it in the laboratory.
Visual tests
Visual tests are not often necessary, but they can be useful in the diagnosis of cystitis.Examination X-ray or ultrasound can help exclude other causes of bladder inflammation in women, such as structural problems or tumors.
Cystitis treatment in women
Treatment of cystitis in women is carried out by various types of drugs.
- antibiotics;
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
- antipyretic drugs;
- analgesics;
- Diuretics and urooseptics.
The treatment of cystitis in women is selected by a specialist with drugs, because before prescribing an antibiotic or any other medication, it is necessary to determine the type of pathogen, and only determine with the choice of medication.
Consider how the disease is treated in each specific case.
Bacterial cystitis treatment
Antibiotics in bacterial cystitis are the first line of therapy.What drugs are used and how long it depends on the general state of health and bacteria found in the urine.
- The first infection.Symptoms often improve significantly during the day after treatment of antibiotics.However, it will probably be necessary to take antibiotics within 3 days a week, depending on the severity of the infection.Whatever the duration of treatment, follow all the antibiotics prescribed by the doctor to make sure that the infection has completely passed.
- Repeat the infection.If you have recurring EPPs, the doctor may recommend longer treatment with antibiotics or send to a doctor specializing in urinary tract (urologist or nephrologist) to assess to find out if urological disorders can cause infections.For some women, it may be useful to take a dose of antibiotic after intercourse.
- Nosocomial infections (also hospital, nosocomial).The bladder infections acquired in the hospital can be a problem for treatment, as bacteria found in hospitals are often resistant to the types of current antibiotics used to treat mercenary infections of the bladder.For this reason, different types of antibiotics and different treatment approaches may be necessary.
Women in post-menopause can be particularly subject to cysts.As part of the treatment, the doctor may recommend a vaginal cream with estrogens - if its use does not increase the risk of other health problems.
Treatment of interstitial cystitis
With interstitial cystitis, the cause of inflammation is not clear, so there is no single treatment or medication which would be best suited in each specific case.
Treatment of other forms of non -infectious cystitis
If there is increased sensitivity to certain chemicals, such as hygiene or spermicides of women, the rejection of these products can help weaken symptoms and prevent other episodes of the disease.
Treatment of cystitis, which develops as a complication of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, aims to eliminate pain, generally using drugs and hydration to remove bladder irritants.
Cystitis prevention
Women have to wipe their front ass after defecation to avoid the spread of bacteria from the excrement.In addition, the adoption of a shower instead of baths can also help.Be sure to gently rinse the skin in the genital area.
Women should empty the bladder after intercourse and drink water.Finally, avoid any means of irritation in the vaginal area.
Forecast
The prognosis for cystitis depends on the cause of symptoms.In general, the forecasts are good.However, it is important to treat the main state as soon as possible.If you experience the symptoms of cystitis, it is best to consult a doctor.
With recovery, you must:
- Drink a lot of liquids;
- Avoid taking drinks with caffeine because they can irritate the bladder;
- urinate after sex;
- Wear cotton underwear and free clothes.